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General
Relativity Notes
Mathematical preliminaries
Special
Relativity
Wheeler: The
invariant interval in special relativity
Wheeler: Dynamics
in special relativity
You may find section 4
concerning the action for special relativity a bit challenging. DONÕT worry. DO
ask questions.
The problems at the end are
required.
Wheeler: Index
Notation in three dimensions (work any exercises you choose)
Torre: Vectors
and dual vectors (work any exercises you choose)
Wheeler: Vectors
as algebraic objects (work any exercises you choose)
Wheeler: Manifolds,
vectors and forms (the exercises are required)
Wheeler: General
coordinate transformations and the connection
Wheeler: Geodesics
Wheeler: Geodesics
as gravity
Examples showing why geodesics
in spacetime can account for gravity, while geodesics in space alone cannot.
Wheeler: Geodesics
and Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation
A simple modification of the metric
accounts quite well for Newtonian gravitation.
Wheeler: Parallel
transport and curvature
Wheeler: Gaussian
curvature
Wheeler: A
worked example: Geodesics on a parabolic surface
Wheeler: Homework
Problems: Practice with the connection
Wheeler: The
Riemann curvature tensor
Wheeler: Midterm
Note: Lighter color font
indicates that the notes may not be finalized.
The general theory of relativity
Schwarzschild geometry
Wheeler: Problem:
The Schwarzschild solution to the Einstein equation
Wheeler: Determining
the constant in the Schwarzschild solution
Wheeler: Geodesics
in the Schwarzschild geometry
Wheeler: Problem
assignment
Wheeler: More
problems
Cosmology
Wheeler: The Friedmann equation
Wheeler: The
standard cosmological model: Lambda-CDM
I
encourage you to read Shane LarsonÕs overview of gravitational waves:
Larson: Gravitational
Waves
Videos of Lectures
In order to
request access to the videos you need to send an email from a Google account
(it can be Gmail or Aggiemail, for example) to relativityusu@gmail.com.
Once your email is received you will get access to the videos with that
account. This means that whenever you want to watch any of the videos you will
need to sign in to Youtube with that authorized
account. If you have a Google+ account, the videos will be posted in the relativityusu's Google+ profile, and if you want to get
notifications when a new video is posted, you can subscribe to the Youtube Channel.
Links to the class videos:
Class #1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FFjFM4fyvjU
Class #2: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oG6LNajDweE
Class #3: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9fNsQq5sRlw
Class #4: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eowToBd4nDo
Class #5: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=trz1P3Ag19w
Class #6: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8FyQEt5POY4
Class #7: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nZiSbOEGnbc
Class #8: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QYp3gIttiS0
Class #9: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SFfFnJeEZqg
Class #10: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EQRDOf3X6Ts
Class #11: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RyCuCVIWYuQ
Class #12: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zhXir7o3CyI
Class #13: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AXqOVWPSM1w
Class #14: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EP6E4tYEZd0
Class #15: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P-cN9iYdApI
Class #16: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KF0OWDvYJC4
Class #17: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mI-TJA0qmLI
Class #18: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ucM14JZ9KeQ
Class #19: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IjEQ1FMcmrk
Class #20: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kyoengsNO8Y
Class #21: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xFXV1PwOAv0
Class #22: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eHcFj_GpU0M
Class #23: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MJF5PXn3VlI
Links to the Maple workshop videos:
Maple Class #1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zz2AND2gkIM
Maple Class #2: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GrpW-hkfBoU
Maple Class #3: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yrVZClbitCE
Maple Class #4: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=67eFLtOHOIQ
Maple Class #5: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jA02V3ZAUk4
Maple Class #6: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bVoI8aMY77k
Maple Class #7: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5GVfLXagOh0
Maple
Dear Relativity Students:
I hope to have some additional
meetings with the Relativity class this semester to work with you on computational
methods in relativity using the computer. While it is crucial that you learn
how the computations are done by hand so you can understand what is going on
mathematically, nowadays, routine computations in tensor analysis and general
relativity are done using the computer.
To show you how that is done, I propose we meet on certain Fridays at 2:30 - the
dates to be arranged as we go. Our computational tool will be the DifferentialGeometry package in Maple. This package was
actually developed here at USU. I will show you how to use this package
and use it for many of the computations needed in your coursework. Along the
way you will also become proficient in symbolic computation, which may be of
some use to you in the future.
To get started, I need to have
everyone install the Maple symbolic computation software on their
computers. USU has a site license for this software, and I have an
installation disk. If you do not already have Maple on your computer,
please come and see me (SER 232) and I will loan you the installation disk.
Once everyone has Maple installed, I will give you an update to the
latest DifferentialGeometry software.
Let us plan on our first meeting on
Friday, January 23 at 2:30 p.m. in SER 122. (I might change this to SER 244 - I
will let you know.) More information about this meeting will be
forthcoming. DonÕt hesitate to contact me with questions or concerns.
Charles Torre
Torre: Introduction to general relativity using Maple.
Introduction
to Maple Worksheet (zipped)
Torre: Tensor analysis in Euclidean space using Maple.
Tensor
analysis in Euclidean space (zipped)
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General Relativity Notes from 2013
Wheeler: Special Relativity: the invariant interval
The invariant interval in special
relativity
Wheeler: Relativistic Dynamics
Relativistic Dynamics (exercises 1 - 6 required)
Wheeler: Index Notation (work all exercises, unless you have
already for another course)
Torre: Vectors and dual vectors
(includes exercises)
Wheeler: More on vectors (skip
the exercises for now)
Torre: What is a tensor?
Wikipedia: Covariant formulation of classical
electromagnetism
Note
that the form of the spacetime metric in this article is the negative of our
convention, so signs will differ. Nonetheless, the article gives an excellent
concise summary of the results.
Wheeler: Examples of tensors
The covariant
formulation of MaxwellÕs equations, and examples of energy-momentum tensors and
their general properties
Wheeler: Manifolds, vectors and forms
Formal definitions of manifolds, vectors and forms
Wheeler: General coordinates and the
connection
An
introduction to general coordinates, the covariant derivative and the connection
Torre: Worksheet from February 6
Wheeler: Parallel transport and geodesics
A
derivation of the parallel transport and geodesic equations, with examples
Wheeler: Introduction to curvature
A
constructive introduction to curvature in 2 dimensions
Wheeler: The Riemann curvature tensor and
the Einstein equation
Curvature in general and the Einstein equation
Wheeler: The Newtonian limit
By
comparing with Newtonian predictions, we fit the constants in the Schwarzschild
solution and the Einstein equation.
The
comparison requires us to develop the linearized version of Einstein gravity
Larson: Relativistic Stars
Wheeler: Symmetry and Killing fields
Torre: Cosmological Solutions
Maple
worksheet
Larson: Gravitational Waves
Larson: Cosmology
Torre: Introduction to general relativity using Maple.
Introduction to Maple Worksheet
(zipped)
Torre: Tensor analysis in Euclidean space using Maple.
Tensor analysis in Euclidean space
(zipped)